The Stratosphere‐Ionosphere‐Protonosphere Coupling: Evidence From the Ion Composition Observations During the 2009 Sudden Stratospheric Warming

Previous studies suggested that sudden stratospheric warmings (SSW) change the global atmosphere from troposphere to thermosphere/ionosphere. We report low-latitude O+ and H+ composition at 840-km altitude during 2009 SSW, with DMSP satellite morning measurements. Our results indicate variation around 30-km modulates ion exchange between ionosphere protonosphere via vertical field-aligned plasma drifts due enhanced lunar semidiurnal tides. The upward disturbance drift uplifts ionospheric into protonosphere, most is changed chemical coupling, while O+/H+ transition height does not under combined effects of southward on 24–29 January. turns downward, lowers height, depletes density in higher altitudes moves downward supply 840 km 30 January 5 February.